1. Introduction

In 2011, Ethiopia began building the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) on the Blue Nile River in a place called Guba, 60 kilometres from Sudan mainly for the electric power generation. In addition to the electric power supply, GERD  benefits the downstream countries mainly Sudan and Egypt by removing up to 86% of silt and sedimentation, regulate the steady water flow throughout the year, avoid un-expected flooding to downstream countries and also conserve the water in Ethiopian highlands by having lower evaporation and water recycling mechanisms (Tesfa, 2013). Read More